Skip to content
Mike Konczal
← Back to main page
Home
Start Here
Newsletter
Latest
Portfolio
Projects
Book
Newsletter
IEA Presentation
Click
here to download my IEA presentation
. The code is
here
.
<div id="quarto-navigation-envelope" class="hidden"> <p><span class="hidden quarto-markdown-envelope-contents" data-render-id="cXVhcnRvLWludC1zaWRlYmFyLXRpdGxl">Mike Konczal</span> <span class="hidden quarto-markdown-envelope-contents" data-render-id="cXVhcnRvLWludC1uYXZiYXItdGl0bGU=">Mike Konczal</span></p> <div class="hidden quarto-markdown-envelope-contents" data-render-id="Zm9vdGVyLXJpZ2h0"> <p><span class="container">Made with <a href="https://quarto.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Quarto</a> (<a href="https://github.com/mtkonczal/mtkonczal.github.io" target="_blank" rel="noopener">This Site’s Repo</a>)</span></p> </div> </div> <div id="quarto-meta-markdown" class="hidden"> <p><span class="hidden quarto-markdown-envelope-contents" data-render-id="cXVhcnRvLW1ldGF0aXRsZQ==">IEA Presentation – Mike Konczal</span> <span class="hidden quarto-markdown-envelope-contents" data-render-id="cXVhcnRvLXR3aXR0ZXJjYXJkdGl0bGU=">IEA Presentation – Mike Konczal</span> <span class="hidden quarto-markdown-envelope-contents" data-render-id="cXVhcnRvLW9nY2FyZHRpdGxl">IEA Presentation – Mike Konczal</span> <span class="hidden quarto-markdown-envelope-contents" data-render-id="cXVhcnRvLW1ldGFzaXRlbmFtZQ==">Mike Konczal</span> <span class="hidden quarto-markdown-envelope-contents" data-render-id="cXVhcnRvLXR3aXR0ZXJjYXJkZGVzYw==">Economist and writer. Vice President of Policy and Research at the Economic Security Project, former chief economist at the White House National Economic Council, and author of Freedom from the Market.</span> <span class="hidden quarto-markdown-envelope-contents" data-render-id="cXVhcnRvLW9nY2FyZGRkZXNj">Economist and writer. Vice President of Policy and Research at the Economic Security Project, former chief economist at the White House National Economic Council, and author of Freedom from the Market.</span></p> </div> </main> <!-- /main --> </div><!-- /.mk-content --> </div><!-- /.mk-layout --> <script> (function () { // Quarto injects before-body inside <main>; lift the fixed sidebar to the // body root so it pins to the viewport regardless of ancestor transforms. var sb = document.querySelector('.mk-sidebar'); if (sb && sb.parentNode !== document.body) { document.body.insertBefore(sb, document.body.firstChild); } // The skip link has to stay the first focusable node in the document, so // re-hoist it ahead of the sidebar we just moved to body root. var skip = document.querySelector('.mk-skip-link'); if (skip && document.body.firstChild !== skip) { document.body.insertBefore(skip, document.body.firstChild); } // ---- Mobile drawer ----------------------------------------------------- // Below 760px styles.css releases the fixed rail. Adding .mk-js here upgrades // the stacked fallback into an off-canvas drawer; without JS the fallback // stands on its own, so the toggle is created here rather than shipped as // dead markup in before-body.html. Everything is CSS-gated by the media // query, so this is inert on desktop. if (sb) { sb.id = sb.id || 'mk-sidebar-nav'; var scrim = document.createElement('div'); scrim.id = 'mk-nav-scrim'; var toggle = document.createElement('button'); toggle.id = 'mk-nav-toggle'; toggle.type = 'button'; toggle.setAttribute('aria-controls', sb.id); toggle.setAttribute('aria-expanded', 'false'); toggle.setAttribute('aria-label', 'Open navigation'); toggle.innerHTML = '<svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-hidden="true">' + '<path d="M3 6h18M3 12h18M3 18h18" stroke-linecap="round"/></svg>'; document.body.appendChild(scrim); document.body.appendChild(toggle); document.body.classList.add('mk-js'); var setNavOpen = function (open) { document.body.classList.toggle('mk-nav-open', open); toggle.setAttribute('aria-expanded', String(open)); toggle.setAttribute('aria-label', open ? 'Close navigation' : 'Open navigation'); }; toggle.addEventListener('click', function () { setNavOpen(!document.body.classList.contains('mk-nav-open')); }); scrim.addEventListener('click', function () { setNavOpen(false); }); document.addEventListener('keydown', function (e) { if (e.key === 'Escape') setNavOpen(false); }); // Any link tap closes the drawer: in-page anchors scroll behind it, and // links to other pages are about to unload it anyway. sb.addEventListener('click', function (e) { if (e.target.closest('a')) setNavOpen(false); }); } var nav = document.querySelector('.mk-sidebar__nav'); if (!nav) return; var path = (location.pathname.split('/').pop() || 'index.html'); var isIndex = (path === '' || path === 'index.html'); var hashLinks = Array.prototype.slice.call(nav.querySelectorAll('a[href^="#"]')); // On pages other than the index, the in-page section links can't resolve, // so repoint them at the index and just highlight the current page. if (!isIndex) { hashLinks.forEach(function (a) { a.setAttribute('href', 'index.html' + a.getAttribute('href')); }); nav.querySelectorAll('a').forEach(function (a) { if (a.getAttribute('href') === path) a.classList.add('is-active'); }); return; } // Index page: scrollspy that highlights the section currently in view. var entries = hashLinks .map(function (a) { var el = document.getElementById(a.getAttribute('href').slice(1)); return el ? { link: a, el: el, visible: false } : null; }) .filter(Boolean); if (!entries.length) return; function setActive(link) { hashLinks.forEach(function (a) { a.classList.toggle('is-active', a === link); }); } var current = null; var io = new IntersectionObserver(function (obs) { obs.forEach(function (o) { entries.forEach(function (e) { if (e.el === o.target) e.visible = o.isIntersecting; }); }); var visible = entries.filter(function (e) { return e.visible; }); if (visible.length) { visible.sort(function (a, b) { return a.el.getBoundingClientRect().top - b.el.getBoundingClientRect().top; }); if (visible[0].link !== current) { current = visible[0].link; setActive(current); } } }, { rootMargin: '-15% 0px -75% 0px', threshold: 0 }); entries.forEach(function (e) { io.observe(e.el); }); setActive(entries[0].link); // default: Home highlighted at the top })(); </script> <script id = "quarto-html-after-body" type="application/javascript"> window.document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function (event) { const toggleBodyColorMode = (bsSheetEl) => { const mode = bsSheetEl.getAttribute("data-mode"); const bodyEl = window.document.querySelector("body"); if (mode === "dark") { bodyEl.classList.add("quarto-dark"); bodyEl.classList.remove("quarto-light"); } else { bodyEl.classList.add("quarto-light"); bodyEl.classList.remove("quarto-dark"); } } const toggleBodyColorPrimary = () => { const bsSheetEl = window.document.querySelector("link#quarto-bootstrap"); if (bsSheetEl) { toggleBodyColorMode(bsSheetEl); } } toggleBodyColorPrimary(); const icon = ""; const anchorJS = new window.AnchorJS(); anchorJS.options = { placement: 'right', icon: icon }; anchorJS.add('.anchored'); const isCodeAnnotation = (el) => { for (const clz of el.classList) { if (clz.startsWith('code-annotation-')) { return true; } } return false; } const onCopySuccess = function(e) { // button target const button = e.trigger; // don't keep focus button.blur(); // flash "checked" button.classList.add('code-copy-button-checked'); var currentTitle = button.getAttribute("title"); button.setAttribute("title", "Copied!"); let tooltip; if (window.bootstrap) { button.setAttribute("data-bs-toggle", "tooltip"); button.setAttribute("data-bs-placement", "left"); button.setAttribute("data-bs-title", "Copied!"); tooltip = new bootstrap.Tooltip(button, { trigger: "manual", customClass: "code-copy-button-tooltip", offset: [0, -8]}); tooltip.show(); } setTimeout(function() { if (tooltip) { tooltip.hide(); button.removeAttribute("data-bs-title"); button.removeAttribute("data-bs-toggle"); button.removeAttribute("data-bs-placement"); } button.setAttribute("title", currentTitle); button.classList.remove('code-copy-button-checked'); }, 1000); // clear code selection e.clearSelection(); } const getTextToCopy = function(trigger) { const codeEl = trigger.previousElementSibling.cloneNode(true); for (const childEl of codeEl.children) { if (isCodeAnnotation(childEl)) { childEl.remove(); } } return codeEl.innerText; } const clipboard = new window.ClipboardJS('.code-copy-button:not([data-in-quarto-modal])', { text: getTextToCopy }); clipboard.on('success', onCopySuccess); if (window.document.getElementById('quarto-embedded-source-code-modal')) { const clipboardModal = new window.ClipboardJS('.code-copy-button[data-in-quarto-modal]', { text: getTextToCopy, container: window.document.getElementById('quarto-embedded-source-code-modal') }); clipboardModal.on('success', onCopySuccess); } var localhostRegex = new RegExp(/^(?:http|https):\/\/localhost\:?[0-9]*\//); var mailtoRegex = new RegExp(/^mailto:/); var filterRegex = new RegExp("https:\/\/www\.mikekonczal\.com"); var isInternal = (href) => { return filterRegex.test(href) || localhostRegex.test(href) || mailtoRegex.test(href); } // Inspect non-navigation links and adorn them if external var links = window.document.querySelectorAll('a[href]:not(.nav-link):not(.navbar-brand):not(.toc-action):not(.sidebar-link):not(.sidebar-item-toggle):not(.pagination-link):not(.no-external):not([aria-hidden]):not(.dropdown-item):not(.quarto-navigation-tool):not(.about-link)'); for (var i=0; i<links.length; i++) { const link = links[i]; if (!isInternal(link.href)) { // undo the damage that might have been done by quarto-nav.js in the case of // links that we want to consider external if (link.dataset.originalHref !== undefined) { link.href = link.dataset.originalHref; } } } function tippyHover(el, contentFn, onTriggerFn, onUntriggerFn) { const config = { allowHTML: true, maxWidth: 500, delay: 100, arrow: false, appendTo: function(el) { return el.parentElement; }, interactive: true, interactiveBorder: 10, theme: 'quarto', placement: 'bottom-start', }; if (contentFn) { config.content = contentFn; } if (onTriggerFn) { config.onTrigger = onTriggerFn; } if (onUntriggerFn) { config.onUntrigger = onUntriggerFn; } window.tippy(el, config); } const noterefs = window.document.querySelectorAll('a[role="doc-noteref"]'); for (var i=0; i<noterefs.length; i++) { const ref = noterefs[i]; tippyHover(ref, function() { // use id or data attribute instead here let href = ref.getAttribute('data-footnote-href') || ref.getAttribute('href'); try { href = new URL(href).hash; } catch {} const id = href.replace(/^#\/?/, ""); const note = window.document.getElementById(id); if (note) { return note.innerHTML; } else { return ""; } }); } const xrefs = window.document.querySelectorAll('a.quarto-xref'); const processXRef = (id, note) => { // Strip column container classes const stripColumnClz = (el) => { el.classList.remove("page-full", "page-columns"); if (el.children) { for (const child of el.children) { stripColumnClz(child); } } } stripColumnClz(note) if (id === null || id.startsWith('sec-')) { // Special case sections, only their first couple elements const container = document.createElement("div"); if (note.children && note.children.length > 2) { container.appendChild(note.children[0].cloneNode(true)); for (let i = 1; i < note.children.length; i++) { const child = note.children[i]; if (child.tagName === "P" && child.innerText === "") { continue; } else { container.appendChild(child.cloneNode(true)); break; } } if (window.Quarto?.typesetMath) { window.Quarto.typesetMath(container); } return container.innerHTML } else { if (window.Quarto?.typesetMath) { window.Quarto.typesetMath(note); } return note.innerHTML; } } else { // Remove any anchor links if they are present const anchorLink = note.querySelector('a.anchorjs-link'); if (anchorLink) { anchorLink.remove(); } if (window.Quarto?.typesetMath) { window.Quarto.typesetMath(note); } if (note.classList.contains("callout")) { return note.outerHTML; } else { return note.innerHTML; } } } for (var i=0; i<xrefs.length; i++) { const xref = xrefs[i]; tippyHover(xref, undefined, function(instance) { instance.disable(); let url = xref.getAttribute('href'); let hash = undefined; if (url.startsWith('#')) { hash = url; } else { try { hash = new URL(url).hash; } catch {} } if (hash) { const id = hash.replace(/^#\/?/, ""); const note = window.document.getElementById(id); if (note !== null) { try { const html = processXRef(id, note.cloneNode(true)); instance.setContent(html); } finally { instance.enable(); instance.show(); } } else { // See if we can fetch this fetch(url.split('#')[0]) .then(res => res.text()) .then(html => { const parser = new DOMParser(); const htmlDoc = parser.parseFromString(html, "text/html"); const note = htmlDoc.getElementById(id); if (note !== null) { const html = processXRef(id, note); instance.setContent(html); } }).finally(() => { instance.enable(); instance.show(); }); } } else { // See if we can fetch a full url (with no hash to target) // This is a special case and we should probably do some content thinning / targeting fetch(url) .then(res => res.text()) .then(html => { const parser = new DOMParser(); const htmlDoc = parser.parseFromString(html, "text/html"); const note = htmlDoc.querySelector('main.content'); if (note !== null) { // This should only happen for chapter cross references // (since there is no id in the URL) // remove the first header if (note.children.length > 0 && note.children[0].tagName === "HEADER") { note.children[0].remove(); } const html = processXRef(null, note); instance.setContent(html); } }).finally(() => { instance.enable(); instance.show(); }); } }, function(instance) { }); } let selectedAnnoteEl; const selectorForAnnotation = ( cell, annotation) => { let cellAttr = 'data-code-cell="' + cell + '"'; let lineAttr = 'data-code-annotation="' + annotation + '"'; const selector = 'span[' + cellAttr + '][' + lineAttr + ']'; return selector; } const selectCodeLines = (annoteEl) => { const doc = window.document; const targetCell = annoteEl.getAttribute("data-target-cell"); const targetAnnotation = annoteEl.getAttribute("data-target-annotation"); const annoteSpan = window.document.querySelector(selectorForAnnotation(targetCell, targetAnnotation)); const lines = annoteSpan.getAttribute("data-code-lines").split(","); const lineIds = lines.map((line) => { return targetCell + "-" + line; }) let top = null; let height = null; let parent = null; if (lineIds.length > 0) { //compute the position of the single el (top and bottom and make a div) const el = window.document.getElementById(lineIds[0]); top = el.offsetTop; height = el.offsetHeight; parent = el.parentElement.parentElement; if (lineIds.length > 1) { const lastEl = window.document.getElementById(lineIds[lineIds.length - 1]); const bottom = lastEl.offsetTop + lastEl.offsetHeight; height = bottom - top; } if (top !== null && height !== null && parent !== null) { // cook up a div (if necessary) and position it let div = window.document.getElementById("code-annotation-line-highlight"); if (div === null) { div = window.document.createElement("div"); div.setAttribute("id", "code-annotation-line-highlight"); div.style.position = 'absolute'; parent.appendChild(div); } div.style.top = top - 2 + "px"; div.style.height = height + 4 + "px"; div.style.left = 0; let gutterDiv = window.document.getElementById("code-annotation-line-highlight-gutter"); if (gutterDiv === null) { gutterDiv = window.document.createElement("div"); gutterDiv.setAttribute("id", "code-annotation-line-highlight-gutter"); gutterDiv.style.position = 'absolute'; const codeCell = window.document.getElementById(targetCell); const gutter = codeCell.querySelector('.code-annotation-gutter'); gutter.appendChild(gutterDiv); } gutterDiv.style.top = top - 2 + "px"; gutterDiv.style.height = height + 4 + "px"; } selectedAnnoteEl = annoteEl; } }; const unselectCodeLines = () => { const elementsIds = ["code-annotation-line-highlight", "code-annotation-line-highlight-gutter"]; elementsIds.forEach((elId) => { const div = window.document.getElementById(elId); if (div) { div.remove(); } }); selectedAnnoteEl = undefined; }; // Handle positioning of the toggle window.addEventListener( "resize", throttle(() => { elRect = undefined; if (selectedAnnoteEl) { selectCodeLines(selectedAnnoteEl); } }, 10) ); function throttle(fn, ms) { let throttle = false; let timer; return (...args) => { if(!throttle) { // first call gets through fn.apply(this, args); throttle = true; } else { // all the others get throttled if(timer) clearTimeout(timer); // cancel #2 timer = setTimeout(() => { fn.apply(this, args); timer = throttle = false; }, ms); } }; } // Attach click handler to the DT const annoteDls = window.document.querySelectorAll('dt[data-target-cell]'); for (const annoteDlNode of annoteDls) { annoteDlNode.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const clickedEl = event.target; if (clickedEl !== selectedAnnoteEl) { unselectCodeLines(); const activeEl = window.document.querySelector('dt[data-target-cell].code-annotation-active'); if (activeEl) { activeEl.classList.remove('code-annotation-active'); } selectCodeLines(clickedEl); clickedEl.classList.add('code-annotation-active'); } else { // Unselect the line unselectCodeLines(); clickedEl.classList.remove('code-annotation-active'); } }); } const findCites = (el) => { const parentEl = el.parentElement; if (parentEl) { const cites = parentEl.dataset.cites; if (cites) { return { el, cites: cites.split(' ') }; } else { return findCites(el.parentElement) } } else { return undefined; } }; var bibliorefs = window.document.querySelectorAll('a[role="doc-biblioref"]'); for (var i=0; i<bibliorefs.length; i++) { const ref = bibliorefs[i]; const citeInfo = findCites(ref); if (citeInfo) { tippyHover(citeInfo.el, function() { var popup = window.document.createElement('div'); citeInfo.cites.forEach(function(cite) { var citeDiv = window.document.createElement('div'); citeDiv.classList.add('hanging-indent'); citeDiv.classList.add('csl-entry'); var biblioDiv = window.document.getElementById('ref-' + cite); if (biblioDiv) { citeDiv.innerHTML = biblioDiv.innerHTML; } popup.appendChild(citeDiv); }); return popup.innerHTML; }); } } }); </script> </div> <!-- /content --> <footer class="footer"> <div class="nav-footer"> <div class="nav-footer-left"> </div> <div class="nav-footer-center"> </div> <div class="nav-footer-right"> <div class='footer-contents'><span class="container">Made with [Quarto](https://quarto.org/){target="_blank" rel="noopener"} ([This Site's Repo](https://github.com/mtkonczal/mtkonczal.github.io){target="_blank" rel="noopener"})</span> </div> </div> </div> </footer> </body> </html>